Highlights Reconstructed and curated of the genome-scale metabolic model (GEM) of  Fusobacterium nucleatum Experimental data used to refine and validate the GEM, including biomass formulation with BOFdat (Biomass Objective Function from experimental data) Integrated transcriptomic data to build context-specific metabolic models Metabolic rewiring links  F. nucleatum  adaptation to colorectal cancer (CRC) context Provides a systems framework to explore host-microbe metabolic i

Highlights A novel virus system rEBV-VSV was developed realizing efficient and native EBV entry via multi-synergetic glycoproteins with sensitive bioluminescence detection. rEBV-VSV was especially competent for rapid and high-throughput entry-inhibition evaluation of drugs, antibodies, or sera and accurate study of EBV entry mechanisms via flexible mutations or recombination on rEBV-VSV. Glycoprotein 42 (gp42) was found to mediate diverse functions of an important mutation L6

Highlights Genome catalog of 4,098  B. infantis  and  B. longum  shows distinct biogeography and ecology B. infantis  is depleted in Westernized populations but highly common in LMIC infants Massively expanded  B. infantis  diversity and functions are absent from current probiotics Geo-specific strain library informs diet- and population-tailored infant probiotic design Summary Bifidobacterium longum  and  B. infantis  are pioneer colonizers of the neonatal gut and are widely

D EMENTIA IS tragically  common among the elderly. In 2021 57m people worldwide were thought to have the condition. Ageing is a risk factor for many other ailments too, ranging from chronic inflammation to a decline in organ function. A growing body of work, however, suggests that simply taking a course of the shingles vaccine can meaningfully slow the decline. The new data, from a range of countries, suggests that it cuts risk by 20%. Shingles is a painful skin condition cau

Highlights Administration of the bacteriophage cocktail at a high MOI reduced APEC-induced morbidity and mortality by 20-30% in laying hens, validating its potential as an antimicrobial alternative. The oral route (drinking water) demonstrated superior therapeutic efficacy compared to intramuscular injection, resulting in the complete absence of macroscopic lesions and a noticeable reduction in median histopathological scores, particularly in the spleen. The administered phag

A  sexually transmitted infections  ( STI ) is a  disease  which  spreads  by having  sex . STIs can spread through  oral sex  or  anal sex , or when two people's  genitals  touch. STIs can be caused by  viruses ,  bacteria , or  parasites . Examples of the most common STIs are listed on this page. Types of STDs STIs caused by viruses Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Main article:  Human immunodeficiency virus HIV causes the  immune system  - the system in the body that is

Highlights Meta-analysis of 11,115 gut metagenomes links uncultured species to human health Healthy individuals show enrichment and greater diversity of uncultured bacteria The genus CAG-170 contains uncultured taxa with the strongest health signatures CAG-170 is ecologically important in healthy populations Summary The human gut microbiome is important for host health, yet over 60% of gut species remain uncultured and inaccessible to experimental manipulation. Here, we analy

Highlights Severe IAV infection imparts a long-lasting decline in cardiac function Atypical GMP-independent CD319+ pro-DC3s transport infectious IAV to cardiomyocytes Direct IFN-I signaling on cardiomyocytes drives cardiac dysfunction mod-mRNA delivery of dominant-negative IFNAR1 on cardiomyocytes ameliorates damage Summary Abundant evidence has correlated influenza infection with cardiovascular disease, yet mechanisms linking infection with the heart remain poorly understood

Highlights Three NlpC/P60 endopeptidases identified in  Deinococcus radiodurans CwlA is essential for cell viability and cell wall integrity CwlB is involved in cell septation whereas CwlC is dispensable Regulatory link between CwlA expression and the genotoxic stress response pathway ABSTRACT The bacterial cell wall is composed of peptidogylcane (PG), a sugar polymer cross-linked by short peptide stems. PG determines cell morphology and protects it from environmental stresse

Highlights We have discovered an alternative mechanism mediated by insoluble dietary fiber that contributes to the prevention of colorectal tumorigenesis, potentially accounting for the paradoxical role of SCFAs. Microbial enzyme encoded by K12373 promotes tumorigenic glycosphingolipid GM3 production, which can be suppressed by high-fiber diet. As a key node in glycosphingolipid metabolism, K12373 directs metabolic flux primarily towards the GM3 branch and, to a lesser extent

Abstract Porphyromonas gingivalis  is a keystone pathogen in periodontitis, known for its ability to invade gingival epithelial cells and persist intracellularly. Conventional antimicrobials are often ineffective against intracellular pathogens, and natural products remain poorly explored in this context. Here, we investigated the antimicrobial effects of  Boswellia serrata  extract and its bioactive compounds on the dynamics of  P. gingivalis  infection in human gingival epi

Highlights Chickpea oligosaccharides are broadly utilized by gut commensal bacteria. Algal polysaccharide use is limited to specific Bacteroidota species. Algae and chickpea fibers enhance short-chain faty acid production. Transcriptomics reveal coordinated genes for raffinose metabolism. Abstract Diet is a key driver of gut microbiome functions, largely via microbial fermentation of dietary fibers. We investigated how 15 human gut commensals from Bacteroidota, Bacillota, and

Chronic inflammation can be a silent killer, but your diet can play a role in tamping it down.   Experts sometimes describe inflammation as a necessary evil. On one hand, this essential immune system response helps you stay safe and heal from illnesses, though it isn’t always pleasant: often causing symptoms like redness, swelling and soreness. But when inflammation levels in your body remain high for months or years at a time — even in the absence of a threat — it can create

Highlights Avs5 is activated at the early phage infection vesicle Avs5 hydrolyzes NAD+ to block jumbo phage nucleus formation Divergent Avs5 clades sense JADA to inhibit jumbo phage infection JADA is an essential early phage protein with a novel protein fold Summary Jumbo phages protect their genomes from DNA-sensing bacterial defense systems by enclosing them within vesicles and nucleus-like compartments. Very little is known about defense systems specialized to counter thes

Highlights Ketogenic diet (KD) alleviates sepsis-induced lung injury via the gut microbiota KD-enriched lactobacilli produce azelaic acid (AZA) that migrates to sepsis lung Lung AZA induces MerTK+ macrophages via PPAR-γ toward efferocytosis AZA associates with improved clinical outcomes in patients with sepsis Summary Sepsis is characterized by impaired immunity to infection, leading to multi-organ dysfunction, with the lung being the most vulnerable organ. Here, we show that

Highlights Intratumor bacteria promote breast cancer metastatic recurrence in a preclinical model Cytosolic bacteria induce immune suppressive neutrophils via cGAS-STING-IL-17B Intra- and extracellular bacteria can play opposite roles in determining neutrophil states A bacteria invasion signature is associated with poor prognosis in breast cancer patients Summary Intratumor bacteria represent an understudied yet influential component of the cancer ecosystem, critically imping

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD(H)) and its phosphorylated form NADP(H) are vitamin B3-derived redox cofactors essential for numerous metabolic reactions and protein modifications. Various health conditions are associated with disturbances in NAD+ homeostasis. To restore NAD+ levels, the main biosynthetic pathways have been targeted, with nicotinamide (Nam), nicotinamide riboside (NR) and nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) being the most prominent boosters. However, whi

Highlights MT is dominated by Saccharomyces and Lactobacillus. MT has high ester, JS features elevated aldehydes, reflecting regional sensory. Saccharomyces and Pichia correlate with esters. Abstract This research focused on Maotai-flavour Baijiu from three representative production regions in the Chishui River Basin, namely Maotai Town (MT), Jinsha (JS), and Renhuai (RH). By integrating metabolomics and macrogenomics techniques, the study analyzed the differences in volatile

Highlights A significant proportion (∼11%) of  bla KPC genes were chromosome-integrated in  P. aeruginosa . Tn 4401 /Tn 7247 -like structures were the major transposons mobilizing  bla KPC. Tn 4401 - and Tn 7247 -like structures differed in geographic distribution and plasmid/chromosome localization. IS 26  and IS 6100  formed prevalent chimeric structures with truncated transposons to mobilize  bla KPC. Integrative mobilizable elements (IMEs) facilitated inter-cellular trans

Highlights Impairment of circadian rhythm by long-term rest-phase time-restricted feeding (TRF) induces bone loss and gut microbiota dysbiosis in male mice TRF feeding mice showed a decreased  Muribaculaceae  and propionate in feces Muribaculaceae  abundance level is positively correlated with bone mass Fecal microbiota transplantation from TRF donors to germ-free recipients leaded to increased Th17 cell populations Increased Th17 cell populations enhanced osteomorphs fusion