Highlights Dietary soy enhances L. reuteri and M. intestinale colonization in the small intestine Dietary soy promotes Tfh cell and IgA responses in the Peyer’s patches of weaning mice L. reuteri provides cognate antigens, while M. intestinale drives IL-1β production Soy-induced IgA is polyreactive and protects against Salmonella infection Summary The commensal microbiota plays a crucial role in shaping mucosal immunity, particularly in the induction of T follicular helper (T

Highlights CheW2 negatively regulated the expression of outer membrane proteins in V. splendidus ClpP degraded CheW2 based on the recognization of its AA motif at the N terminal Pseudoalteromonas sp. H2 attenuated the expression of clpP gene of V. splendidus AJ01 Abstract In mariculture ecosystems where Vibrio spp. are predominant pathogens, effective biocontrol through antagonistic probiotics remains an unresolved biological challenge. Here, the Pseudoalteromonas sp. H2 stra

Highlights Sesame-flavor Baijiu fermentation was performed using different sorghum varieties. Microbial interactions affected volatile formation differently in sorghum varieties. Cultivar-specific physicochemical traits modulate microbial consortia structure. Sorghum selection can format flavor paradigm and standardize Baijiu quality. Abstract Sorghum is a key raw ingredient in the fermentation of Sesame-flavor Baijiu (SFB). However, studies on the microbial and metabolic dyn

Highlights This study systematically analyzed alterations in the ocular surface microbiome of patients with progressive supranuclear palsy-Richardson’s syndrome (PSP-RS) via metagenomic sequencing, with comparisons to Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients and healthy controls (HC). The β-diversity of the ocular surface microbiome in PSP-RS patients was significantly altered compared to HC, while no such obvious difference was observed in PD patients. PSP-RS patients exhibited inc

Highlights The S. maltophilia MntH importer contributes to H2O2 resistance and intracellular survival The Mn exporter MntP limits toxicity even at sub-inhibitory Mn²⁺ concentrations The S. maltophilia MntR regulated genes include the extracytoplasmic TBDR-pTFP module The TBDR-pTFP locus is specifically induced under combined Mn2+ and Fe2+ limitation S. maltophilia Mn homeostasis is linked to iron availability and oxidative stress responses ABSTRACT Manganese homeostasis is es

Highlights Bifidobacterium stercoris KC84 alleviates IBS-D-like symptoms in mouse and rat models KC84 modulates serotonin-related pathways associated with diarrhea KC84 induces IFN-β production from colonic dendritic cells IFN-β is associated with reduced intestinal smooth muscle contractility Abstract Irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea (IBS-D) is a prevalent disorder that significantly impairs quality of life, yet therapeutic advances remain limited. Serotonin dysregulat

Highlights Maternal helminths promote offspring antiviral immunity via the microbiota Helminth-altered microbiota produce IPA, which drives antiviral protection IPA induces lung epithelial type I interferon responses to promote antiviral immunity Helminth-endemic human microbiota are enriched in the tryptophan metabolism pathway Summary Maternal environmental exposures can alter microbiome composition and lead to changes in offspring immunity. Industrialization has led to sig

Abstract The circadian clock enables organisms to predict daily environmental changes and synchronise their physiology and behaviour accordingly. Macrophages, key sensor cells in the innate immune system, exhibit cell-autonomous circadian rhythmicity. This circadian rhythmic behaviour is synchronised to the central clock in the hypothalamus as a result of neural, and hormonal signals. Macrophage rhythms and responses involve sensing temporal cues, integrating information from

Highlights Streptomyces are enriched in roots during drought via suppressed immunity and Fe uptake Drought-induced suppression of iron uptake is conserved across ∼160 mya of plant evolution Some Streptomyces improve plant performance under drought and low iron Plant benefits are independent of enrichment and instead driven by intra-genus antagonism Summary Drought reshapes the plant root microbiota, yet the mechanistic drivers and consequences of this observation remain uncle

Highlights ANDV can be isolated in cell culture only in the absence of neutralizing antibodies. The monitoring of close contacts of ANDV cases allows to identify prospective cases. We isolated a new ANDV human strain from an early blood sample of a secondary case. CHI-Hu13724 is a different haplotype from the previous ANDV reference strains. Isolation of currently zoonotic ANDV strains helps the study of viral pathogenicity. Abstract Andes virus (ANDV) is a zoonotic orthohant

Highlights A classically anaerobic pathogen creates and thrives in a localized oxidative niche BFT rewires epithelial metabolism from oxidative phosphorylation to fermentation Host metabolic rewiring increases lactate and oxygen in the ETBF niche BFT enables ETBF to adapt to this oxidative niche and promote colonization Summary To colonize their host and cause disease, enteric pathogens must deploy their virulence factors to establish distinct nutrient niches. How anaerobic p

Highlights The transition from a planktonic to a sessile lifestyle in Anabaena sp. PCC 7120 is driven by a massive transcriptomic reprogramming involving 17.7% of the genome. Sessile growth involves cell envelope remodeling and lower anabolic activity. While nitrogen deficiency and salinity promote biofilm formation, iron deficiency exerts contrasting effects on sessile development. Stress-adaptation pathways are directly linked to biofilm development. Abstract Cyanobacteria

ABSTRACT Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is naturally contained within the mitochondria and nucleus of cells. DNA localized outside of these areas is generally considered to constitute damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMP) that trigger innate immune responses. The variety of these immune-stimulatory nucleic acids, coupled with the variety of proteins known to interact with DNA DAMPS and to act as sensors or regulators, is an important layer of regulation that defines the na

Highlights Climate change and environmental stressors are major drivers affecting global food security and agricultural sustainability. Microbial communities play a central role in nutrient cycling, plant health, and ecosystem resilience. Climate variability alters microbial diversity, functions, and plant–microbe interactions. Beneficial microorganisms enhance crop tolerance to abiotic and biotic stresses. Microbiome-based strategies offer sustainable alternatives to chemica

Highlights H1/H3 cross-reactive head antibodies were isolated after seasonal flu vaccination These cross-subtype antibodies target a conserved HA epitope involving residue 145 Antibodies targeting this epitope were enriched in people born in the 1990s H1N1s recently acquired a substitution that abrogated binding of these antibodies Summary Influenza virus cross-subtype antibodies targeting epitopes in the hemagglutinin (HA) head are rare because these epitopes are variable be

Highlight This review examines the evolutionary origin, regulation, and functional diversification of IFN stimulated genes in vertebrates. Evolutionary pathways of IGS, with gene gain and loss, and their connection with redundancy and robustness are discussed. Abstract Interferons (IFNs) are central regulators of innate antiviral immunity, acting through conserved signalling pathways to induce a diverse repertoire of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs). IFNs have been identifi

Highlights VMT restores skin N-bc2S1P linked to early neurodevelopment in cesarean-born neonates N-bc2S1P engages β-arrestin1-biased S1PR2 signaling in forebrain excitatory neurons β-arrestin1-biased S1PR2 signaling recruits AP-1/CBP to increase Notch H3K27ac Engineered S. epidermidis sustains N-bc2S1P and extends rescue of CS-associated deficits Summary Cesarean section (CS) bypasses neonatal exposure to maternal vaginal microbiota, leaving the metabolic contribution of skin

Highlights A probiotic-integrated semi-closed RAS protocol significantly improved growth (+0.08%/day) and survival (+6.9%) in Cynoglossus semilaevis. Probiotic treatment reshaped the gut microbiota from Vibrio dominance to a Photobacterium-enriched community and altered quorum sensing pathways. Metagenomics revealed enhanced CAZyme activity and nutrient metabolism potential in the probiotic group. Multi-tissue transcriptomics demonstrated coordinated immune activation (NF-κB,

Highlights CCBs bind the inner pore of the HCMV US21 viroporin and abolish pUS21-mediated ER Ca2+ leakage. CCBs inhibit HCMV replication. CCBs prevent the cytobiological consequences of pUS21 expression. CCBs treatment restores ER Ca2+ levels to those of control cells. CCBs do not affect basal intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis. Abstract The Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) US21 protein is a calcium-conducting viroporin that modulates intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis, safeguards cells

Highlights Translation measurements reveal how microbes allocate resources in communities Functional profiles predict microbial competition and niche allocation Predictions enable rational design of prebiotic and probiotic interventions Interventions enable targeted modulation of complex microbiomes in vitro and in vivo Summary Microbiome science has greatly expanded our understanding of microbial life and its roles in the environment and human health. Yet microbiome scien